useBlocker

The useBlocker hook allows you to block navigation when certain conditions are met, such as when a user has unsaved changes in a form. This provides a way to prompt users before they accidentally leave a page with unsaved work.

Basic Usage

import { useBlocker } from 'one'
import { useState } from 'react'

export default function EditPage() {
  const [isDirty, setIsDirty] = useState(false)
  const blocker = useBlocker(isDirty)

  return (
    <>
      <form onChange={() => setIsDirty(true)}>
        <input type="text" />
        <button type="submit">Save</button>
      </form>

      {blocker.state === 'blocked' && (
        <div className="modal">
          <p>You have unsaved changes. Leave anyway?</p>
          <button onClick={blocker.reset}>Stay</button>
          <button onClick={blocker.proceed}>Leave</button>
        </div>
      )}
    </>
  )
}

Function-Based Blocking

For more control, pass a function that receives location information:

const blocker = useBlocker(({ currentLocation, nextLocation }) => {
  // Only block when leaving the /edit section
  return currentLocation.startsWith('/edit') && !nextLocation.startsWith('/edit')
})

The function receives:

currentLocation - The current pathname and search params
nextLocation - Where the user is trying to navigate
historyAction - The type of navigation ('push', 'pop', or 'replace')

Blocker States

The blocker returns an object with a state property:

`'unblocked'`

Navigation is not blocked. The blocker object has no additional properties.

if (blocker.state === 'unblocked') {
  // Normal state, navigation is allowed
}

`'blocked'`

Navigation has been blocked and is waiting for user decision.

if (blocker.state === 'blocked') {
  blocker.location  // The destination the user tried to navigate to
  blocker.reset()   // Cancel the navigation, stay on current page
  blocker.proceed() // Allow the navigation to continue
}

`'proceeding'`

The user has chosen to proceed and navigation is in progress.

if (blocker.state === 'proceeding') {
  blocker.location  // Where we're navigating to
}

Platform Behavior

Web

On web, useBlocker intercepts:

Browser back/forward buttons - Via popstate events
Programmatic navigation - Via pushState/replaceState interception
Page close/refresh - Via beforeunload (shows browser’s default prompt)

Native

On native platforms, useBlocker uses React Navigation’s beforeRemove event. This blocks:

Back navigation - Hardware back button, swipe gestures, programmatic back
Screen removal - When the screen would be removed from the stack

Note: Native blocking cannot prevent the app from being closed or backgrounded.

TypeScript Types

import type { Blocker, BlockerFunction, BlockerState } from 'one'

// BlockerState is 'unblocked' | 'blocked' | 'proceeding'

// BlockerFunction signature
type BlockerFunction = (args: {
  currentLocation: string
  nextLocation: string
  historyAction: 'push' | 'pop' | 'replace'
}) => boolean

Example: Form with Confirmation Dialog

import { useBlocker } from 'one'
import { useState } from 'react'

export default function EditProfile() {
  const [formData, setFormData] = useState({ name: '', email: '' })
  const [savedData, setSavedData] = useState({ name: '', email: '' })

  // Check if form has unsaved changes
  const hasUnsavedChanges =
    formData.name !== savedData.name ||
    formData.email !== savedData.email

  const blocker = useBlocker(hasUnsavedChanges)

  const handleSave = () => {
    // Save logic here...
    setSavedData(formData)
  }

  return (
    <div>
      <h1>Edit Profile</h1>

      <input
        value={formData.name}
        onChange={(e) => setFormData(prev => ({ ...prev, name: e.target.value }))}
        placeholder="Name"
      />

      <input
        value={formData.email}
        onChange={(e) => setFormData(prev => ({ ...prev, email: e.target.value }))}
        placeholder="Email"
      />

      <button onClick={handleSave}>Save Changes</button>

      {blocker.state === 'blocked' && (
        <div className="dialog-overlay">
          <div className="dialog">
            <h2>Unsaved Changes</h2>
            <p>You have unsaved changes that will be lost.</p>
            <div className="dialog-actions">
              <button onClick={blocker.reset}>
                Keep Editing
              </button>
              <button onClick={blocker.proceed}>
                Discard Changes
              </button>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      )}
    </div>
  )
}

Best Practices

Reset dirty state on save - Clear the blocking condition when the user saves their work
Provide clear messaging - Tell users what will be lost if they navigate away
Make actions obvious - Clearly label the “stay” and “leave” options
Test both platforms - Behavior differs slightly between web and native

PreviousLink

Redirect

Edit this page on GitHub.